4.1.1.1 Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells 4.1.1.2 Animal and plant cells 4.1.1.3 Cell specialisation 4.1.1.4 Cell differentiation 4.1.1.5 Microscopy 4.1.1.6 Culturing microorganisms 4.1.2.1 Chromosomes 4.1.2.2 Mitosis and the cell cycle 4.1.2.3 Stem cells 4.1.3.1 Diffusion 4.1.3.2 Osmosis 4.1.3.3 Active transport 4.2.1.1 Principles of organisation 4.2.2.1a The human digestive system 4.2.2.1b Food Tests (RP4) 4.2.2.1c Enzymes 4.2.2.1d Enzymes and digestion 4.2.2.1e Investigating enzymes (RP5) 4.2.2.2a The heart, including heart dissection 4.2.2.2b Lung structure 4.2.2.2c Blood vessels 4.2.2.3 The Blood 4.2.2.4 Coronary heart disease 4.2.2.5 Health issues 4.2.2.6 Effect of lifestyle 4.2.2.7 Cancer 4.2.3.1 Plant tissues 4.2.3.2 Plant organ systems 4.3.1.1 Communicable diseases 4.3.1.2 Viral diseases 4.3.1.3 Bacterial diseases 4.3.1.4 Fungal disease 4.3.1.5 Protist diseases 4.3.1.6 Human defence systems 4.3.1.7 Vaccination 4.3.1.8 Antibiotics and painkillers 4.3.1.9 Discovery and development of drugs 4.3.2.1 Producing monoclonal antibodies 4.3.3.1 Detection and identification of plant diseases 4.3.3.2 Plant defence responses 4.4.1.1 Photosynthesis 4.4.1.2 Rate of photosynthesis, including RP6 4.4.1.3 Uses of glucose from photosynthesis 4.4.2.1 Aerobic and anaerobic respiration 4.4.2.2 Response to exercise 4.4.2.3 Metabolism 4.5.1.1 Homeostasis 4.5.2.1 Human nervous system 4.5.2.2 The brain 4.5.2.3 The eye 4.5.2.4 Control of body temperature 4.5.3.1 Human endocrine system 4.5.3.2 Control of blood glucose concentration 4.5.3.3 Water balance, osmoregulation and the kidneys 4.5.3.4 Hormones in human reproduction 4.5.3.5 Contraception 4.5.3.6 The use of hormones to treat infertility 4.5.3.7 Negative feedback 4.5.4.1 Plant hormones 4.5.4.2 Use of plant hormones, including RP8 4.6.1.1 Sexual and asexual reproduction 4.6.1.2 Meiosis 4.6.1.3 Advantages and disadvantages of sexual reproduction 4.6.1.4 DNA and the genome 4.6.1.5 DNA Structure 4.6.1.6 Genetic inheritance 4.6.1.7 Inherited disorders 4.6.1.8 Sex determination 4.6.2.1 Variation 4.6.2.2 Evolution 4.6.2.3 Selective breeding 4.6.2.4 Genetic engineering 4.6.2.5 Cloning 4.6.3.1 Theory of evolution 4.6.3.2 Speciation 4.6.3.3 The understanding of genetics 4.6.3.4 Evidence for evolution 4.6.3.5 Fossils 4.6.3.6 Extinction 4.6.3.7 Resistant bacteria 4.6.4.1 Classification of organisms 4.7.1.1 Communities 4.7.1.2 Abiotic factors 4.7.1.3 Biotic factors 4.7.1.4 Adaptations 4.7.2.1 Levels of organisation, including RP9 Sampling 4.7.2.2 How materials are cycled 4.7.2.3 Decomposition, including RP10 Decay 4.7.2.4 Impact of environmental change 4.7.3.1 Biodiversity 4.7.3.2 Waste management 4.7.3.3 Land use 4.7.3.4 Deforestation 4.7.3.5 Global warming 4.7.3.6 Maintaining biodiversity 4.7.4.1 Trophic levels 4.7.4.2 Pyramids of biomass 4.7.4.3 Transfer of biomass 4.7.5.1 Factors affecting food security 4.7.5.2 Farming techniques 4.7.5.3 Sustainable fisheries 4.7.5.4 Role of biotechnology 2.1.1 Chemical Bonds 2.1.2 Metallic bonding 2.1.3 Ionic bonding 2.1.4 Ionic compounds 2.1.5 Covalent bonding 1.1 Observing cells 1.2 Plant and animal cells 1.3 Specialised cells 1.4 Movement of substances 1.5 Unicellular organisms C1.1 The Particle Model C1.2 States of matter C1.3 Density C1.4 Melting and freezing C1.5 Boiling and evaporation C1.6 More changes of state C1.7 Diffusion C1.8 Gas pressure

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